Energetic Analysis of Low Global Warming Potential Refrigerants as Substitutes for R410A and R134a in Ground-Source Heat Pumps

Laura Fedele (), Sergio Bobbo, Davide Menegazzo, Michele De Carli, Laura Carnieletto, Fabio Poletto, Andrea Tarabotti, Dimitris Mendrinos, Giulia Mezzasalma and Adriana Bernardi
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Laura Fedele: Istituto per le Tecnologie della Costruzione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, I-35127 Padua, Italy
Sergio Bobbo: Istituto per le Tecnologie della Costruzione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, I-35127 Padua, Italy
Davide Menegazzo: Istituto per le Tecnologie della Costruzione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, I-35127 Padua, Italy
Michele De Carli: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy
Laura Carnieletto: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy
Fabio Poletto: Hi-Ref Spa, I-35020 Tribano, Italy
Andrea Tarabotti: Hi-Ref Spa, I-35020 Tribano, Italy
Dimitris Mendrinos: Geothermal Energy Department, Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Saving, 19009 Pikermi, Greece
Giulia Mezzasalma: RED srl, Via le dell’Industria 58B, I-35127 Padua, Italy
Adriana Bernardi: Istituto di Scienze dell’Atmosfera e del Clima, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, I-35127 Padua, Italy

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 9, 1-18

Abstract: The European building sector is responsible for approximately 40% of total energy consumption and for 36% of greenhouse gas emissions. Identifying technological solutions capable of reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is one of the main objectives of the European Commission. Ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) are of particular interest for this purpose, promising a considerable reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of HVAC systems. This paper reports the results of the energetic analysis carried out within the EU research project GEO4CIVHIC about the performance of geothermal heat pumps working with low-GWP refrigerants as alternatives for R134a and R410A. The work has been carried out through computer simulations based on base and regenerative reverse cycles. Several heat sink and heat source temperature conditions have been considered in order to evaluate the GSHPs’ performance in the whole range of real conditions that can be found in Europe. Particular attention has been paid to the evaluation of compression isentropic efficiency and its influence on the overall cycle performance when dealing with steady-state heat pump simulations. To do so, five different scenarios of isentropic efficiency calculation have been studied and discussed.

Keywords: ground-source heat pumps; low-GWP refrigerants; thermodynamic cycle efficiency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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