Numerical Study on Heat Generation Characteristics of Charge and Discharge Cycle of the Lithium-Ion Battery

Yuxuan Tan, Yue Li, Yueqing Gu, Wenjie Liu, Juan Fang and Chongchao Pan ()
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Yuxuan Tan: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Yue Li: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Yueqing Gu: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Wenjie Liu: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Juan Fang: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Chongchao Pan: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 17, issue 1, 1-20

Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries are the backbone of novel energy vehicles and ultimately contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation system. Taking a 5 Ah ternary lithium-ion battery as an example, a two-dimensional axisymmetric electrochemical–thermal coupling model is developed via COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 in this study and then is validated with the experimental data. The proportion of different types of heat generation in a 26,650 ternary lithium-ion battery during the charge/discharge cycle is investigated numerically. Moreover, the impact of essential factors such as charge/discharge multiplier and ambient temperature on the reaction heat, ohmic heat, and polarization heat are analyzed separately. The numerical results indicate that the total heat generated by the constant discharge process is the highest in the charging and discharging cycle of a single battery. The maximum heat production per unit volume is 67,446.99 W/m 3 at 2 C multiplier discharge. Furthermore, the polarization heat presents the highest percentage in the charge/discharge cycle, reaching up to 58.18% at 0 C and 1 C multiplier discharge. In a high-rate discharge, the proportion of the reaction heat decreases from 34.31% to 12.39% as the discharge rate increases from 0.5 C to 2 C. As the discharge rate rises and the ambient temperature falls, the maximum temperature increase of the single-cell battery also rises, with a more pronounced impact compared to increasing the discharge rate.

Keywords: NCM lithium-ion battery; electrochemical–thermal coupled model; heat generation characteristics; temperature distribution; parametric study (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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