Selection of an Optimal Frequency for Offshore Wind Farms

Byeonghyeon An, Junsoo Che, Taehun Kim and Taesik Park ()
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Byeonghyeon An: Department of Electrical and Control Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
Junsoo Che: Department of Electrical and Control Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
Taehun Kim: Department of Electrical and Control Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
Taesik Park: Department of Electrical and Control Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 10, 1-20

Abstract: Offshore wind power has attracted significant attention due to its high potential, capability for large-scale farms, and high capacity factor. However, it faces high investment costs and issues with subsea power transmission. Conventional high-voltage AC (HVAC) methods are limited by charging current, while high-voltage DC (HVDC) methods suffer from the high cost of power conversion stations. The low-frequency AC (LFAC) method mitigates the charging current through low-frequency operation and can reduce power conversion station costs. This paper aims to identify the economically optimal frequency by comparing the investment costs of LFAC systems at various frequencies. The components of LFAC, including transformers, offshore platforms, and cables, exhibit frequency-dependent characteristics. Lower frequencies result in an increased size and volume of transformers, leading to higher investment costs for offshore platforms. In contrast, cable charging currents and losses are proportional to frequency, causing the total cost to reach a minimum at a specific frequency. To determine the optimal frequency, simulations of investment costs for varying capacities and distances were conducted.

Keywords: low-frequency AC; offshore wind farm; high-voltage AC; high-voltage DC; submarine cable; offshore platforms; optimal frequency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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