A Systematic Review of Isolated Water and Energy Microgrids: Infrastructure, Optimization of Management Strategies, and Future Trends

Manuel Parraga, José Vuelvas, Benjamín González-Díaz (), Leonardo Rodríguez-Urrego and Arturo Fajardo
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Manuel Parraga: Department of Electronic Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
José Vuelvas: Department of Electronic Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
Benjamín González-Díaz: Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
Leonardo Rodríguez-Urrego: Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
Arturo Fajardo: Department of Electronic Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110311, Colombia

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 12, 1-28

Abstract: Isolated water and energy microgrids (IWEMGs) serve as vital solutions for enhancing the well-being of remote and rural communities, particularly in areas where water and energy resources are scarce. This has spurred research into the interdependence between the water and energy sectors (water–energy nexus), a field that has grown in response to technological advancements. Through a systematic optimization framework, this review critically evaluates the integration of various technologies within IWEMGs, encompassing infrastructure, management, and strategic planning, while considering economic and social impacts. IWEMGs incorporate diverse technologies for the infrastructure, management, and strategic planning of water and energy resources, integrating economic and social considerations to inform decisions that affect both immediate and long-term sustainability and reliability. This article presents an exhaustive review of the literature on IWEMG management, employing an approach that synthesizes existing studies to enhance the understanding of strategic IWEMG management and planning. It introduces a structured taxonomy for organizing research trends and tackling unresolved challenges within the field. Notably, the review identifies critical gaps, such as the lack of comprehensive data on water demand in isolated locations, and underscores the emerging role of game theory and machine learning in enriching IWEMG management frameworks. Ultimately, this review outlines essential indicators for forthcoming research, focusing on the optimization, management, and strategic planning of IWEMG resources and infrastructure, thereby setting a direction for future technological and methodological advancements in the field.

Keywords: water–energy microgrid; optimization; water–energy nexus; planning; management (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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