A Comprehensive Review of Load Frequency Control Technologies

Désiré D. Rasolomampionona (), Michał Połecki, Krzysztof Zagrajek, Wiktor Wróblewski and Marcin Januszewski
Additional contact information
Désiré D. Rasolomampionona: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 75 Koszykowa Str., 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Michał Połecki: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 75 Koszykowa Str., 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Krzysztof Zagrajek: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 75 Koszykowa Str., 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Wiktor Wróblewski: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 75 Koszykowa Str., 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Marcin Januszewski: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 75 Koszykowa Str., 00-662 Warsaw, Poland

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 12, 1-74

Abstract: Load frequency control (LFC) is one of the most important tools in power system control. LFC is an auxiliary service related to the short-term balance of energy and frequency of power systems. As such, it allows the acquisition of a central role in enabling electricity exchanges and providing better conditions. The classification of LFC can be carried out from different angles: we can enumerate, among others, the type of control used. The following types of control are presented in this review: classical, optimal, and robust control. More advanced controls can also be used for classification: fuzzy logic control, ANN control, genetic algorithms, PSO control, etc. The influence of renewables and power control tools like FACTS is also considered as a category to be analyzed. The last classifications are related to two important subjects—the influence of DC links on LFC efficiency and the dangers of cyberattacks on the LFC.

Keywords: load frequency control; power engineering; power system; balancing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/12/2915/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/12/2915/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:12:p:2915-:d:1414212

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().