CFD Investigations on Heavy Liquid Metal Alternative Target Design for the SPS Beam Dump Facility

Marco Calviani, Carlo Carrelli, Antonio Cervone, Pietro Cioli Puviani, Ivan Di Piazza, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, Sandro Manservisi (), Giuseppe Mazzola, Luca Tricarico and Rui Franqueira Ximenes
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Marco Calviani: CERN—European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
Carlo Carrelli: ENEA Brasimone Research Center, 40032 Camugnano, Italy
Antonio Cervone: Department of Industrial Engineering, Lab. of Montecuccolino, University of Bologna, Via dei Colli 16, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Pietro Cioli Puviani: Department of Energy, Polytechnic of Turin, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
Ivan Di Piazza: ENEA Brasimone Research Center, 40032 Camugnano, Italy
Luigi Salvatore Esposito: CERN—European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
Sandro Manservisi: Department of Industrial Engineering, Lab. of Montecuccolino, University of Bologna, Via dei Colli 16, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Giuseppe Mazzola: CERN—European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
Luca Tricarico: Department of Industrial Engineering, Lab. of Montecuccolino, University of Bologna, Via dei Colli 16, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Rui Franqueira Ximenes: CERN—European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 12, 1-18

Abstract: This study introduces numerical advancements in an alternative design for the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) Beam Dump Facility (BDF) at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN). The design envisions a high-power operation target made of flowing liquid lead. The proposed BDF is a versatile facility for both beam-dump-like and fixed-target experiments. The target behavior is studied, assuming a proton beam with a momentum of 400 GeV/c, a pulse frequency of 1/7.2 Hz, and an average beam power of 355 kW. Using various Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes, we evaluate the behavior of liquid lead and predict the thermal stress on the target vessel induced by the pulsed heat source generated by the charged particle beam. The comparison increases the reliability of the results, investigating the dependencies on the CFD modeling approach. The beam is a volumetric heat source with data from the beam-lead interaction simulations provided by the European Laboratory for Particle Physics and obtained with a Monte Carlo code. Velocity field and stress profiles can enhance the design of the lead loop and verify its viability and safety when operated with a liquid metal target.

Keywords: beam dump facility (BDF); liquid metals; CFD (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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