Analysis of MW-Level Offshore Wind Turbine Generators with Dual Star–Delta Fractional-Slot Windings

Isaac Rudden, Guang-Jin Li (), Zi-Qiang Zhu, Alexander Duke and Richard Clark
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Isaac Rudden: Electrical Machines & Drives Group, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
Guang-Jin Li: Electrical Machines & Drives Group, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
Zi-Qiang Zhu: Electrical Machines & Drives Group, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
Alexander Duke: Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Limited, North Campus, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK
Richard Clark: Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Limited, North Campus, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 12, 1-20

Abstract: This paper investigates the use of fractional-slot concentrated windings (FSCWs) in large-scale (MW level) offshore wind generators. It focuses specifically on a power rating of 3 MW and uses an existing direct-drive synchronous PM machine (DD-SPM) with 480s/160p and dual three-phase integer-slot winding (ISW) as a baseline. A multiple of the common 12s/10p FSCW machine is used that matches the electrical frequency of the ISW machine, yielding a 192s/160p dual three-phase machine. The hybrid star–delta connection has grown increasingly popular owing to its unique harmonic cancellation properties, which can help reduce rotor and PM eddy current losses in FSCW machines. In this paper, two dual three-phase star–delta-wound machines are scaled to 3 MW and included in the investigation. Specifically, a 384s/160p dual three-phase and dual star–delta winding machine, which is a multiplication of the 24s/10p machine, and a 192s/176p dual three-phase and dual star–delta winding machine, which is a multiplication of the 24s/22p machine, are used. These machines are investigated using finite element analysis (FEA) and compared on the basis of their air-gap flux density harmonics, open-circuit electro-motive force (EMF), torque performance, and losses and power. It is found that the proposed 384s/160p dual star–delta winding machine has the best electromagnetic performance of all, with a stator power that is 1.2% greater than that of the baseline ISW machine. However, this machine has a coil pitch of 2 and so loses the manufacturing and fault-tolerant advantage of having concentrated windings. If concentrated windings are desired, then the proposed 192s/176p dual star–delta winding machine is the best choice, with the stator power only 2.6% less than that of the baseline ISW machine, but unfortunately still has significant rotor and PM eddy current losses.

Keywords: concentrated winding; fractional slot; star–delta; PM wind generators (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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