Development and Implementation of a Smart Charging System for Electric Vehicles Based on the ISO 15118 Standard

Jóni B. Santos (), André M. B. Francisco, Cristiano Cabrita, Jânio Monteiro (), André Pacheco and Pedro J. S. Cardoso
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Jóni B. Santos: Centre for Marine and Environmental Research—CIMA, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
André M. B. Francisco: Centro de Investigação em Sistemas Ciberfísicos do Algarve—CISCA, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Cristiano Cabrita: Centro de Investigação em Sistemas Ciberfísicos do Algarve—CISCA, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Jânio Monteiro: Centro de Investigação em Sistemas Ciberfísicos do Algarve—CISCA, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
André Pacheco: Centre for Marine and Environmental Research—CIMA, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Pedro J. S. Cardoso: Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 12, 1-25

Abstract: There is currently exponential growth in the electric vehicle market, which will require an increase in the electrical grid capacity to meet the associated charging demand. If, on the one hand, the introduction of energy generation from renewable energy sources can be used to meet that requirement, the intermittent nature of some of these sources will challenge the mandatory real-time equilibrium between generation and consumption. In order to use most of the energy generated via these sources, mechanisms are required to manage the charging of batteries in electric vehicles, according to the levels of generation. An effective smart charging process requires communication and/or control mechanisms between the supply equipment and the electric vehicle, enabling the adjustment of the energy transfer according to the generation levels. At this level, the ISO 15118 standard supports high-level communication mechanisms, far beyond the basic control solutions offered through the IEC 61851-1 specification. It is, thus, relevant to evaluate it in smart charging scenarios. In this context, this paper presents the development of a charge emulation system using the ISO 15118 communication protocol, and it discusses its application for demand response purposes. The system comprises several modules developed at both ends, supply equipment and electric vehicles, and allows the exchange of data during an emulated charging process. The system also includes human interfaces to facilitate interactions with users at both ends. Tests performed using the implemented system have shown that it supports a demand response when integrated with a photovoltaic renewable energy source. The dynamic adjustment to charging parameters, based on real-time energy availability, ensures efficient and sustainable charging processes, reducing the reliance on the grid and promoting the use of renewable energy.

Keywords: electric vehicles; smart charging; demand response; ISO 15118; smart grids; renewable energy sources (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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