Thermodynamic Analysis of Chloride Corrosion in Steel for Energy System Applications in Fe-O-Cl-Na Environments

Robert Kaczmarczyk () and Sebastian Gurgul
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Robert Kaczmarczyk: Faculty of Energy and Fuels, Department of Fundamental Research in Energy Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
Sebastian Gurgul: Faculty of Energy and Fuels, Department of Fundamental Research in Energy Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 13, 1-25

Abstract: The assumptions of contemporary energy policies are increasing the share of renewable energy sources. Biomass combustion is developing as an alternative to fossil fuels. However, it faces challenges such as limited corrosion resistance of steel boiler components due to chloride compounds in flue gases and fly ash. This paper provides a comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of chloride-induced corrosion in steel in the Fe-O-Cl-Na environment, focusing on the influence of steam concentration in the gas phase. The study was performed by using the general thermodynamic rules, the thermodynamic properties of the pure components involved in the reaction, and the properties of the solutions formed in the liquid and gas phases. The study also examined the impact of alkali metal chlorides, particularly NaCl, on the formation of NaFeO 2 in the passive oxide scale layer Fe 3 O 4 /Fe 2 O 3 . Furthermore, it investigated the condensation of NaCl vapour formation of low-melting eutectic mixtures in deposits and the resulting consequences on the corrosion process. The role of HCl in the chlorination and oxidation process of steel in melted ash deposits was also discussed. The presented thermodynamic analysis was compared with assumptions of an “active oxidation” model. This study can be a valuable resource for experimental research planning and a guide for preventing corrosion in industrial settings.

Keywords: chloride corrosion; parametric equation formalism; equilibrium characteristics; thermodynamic analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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