A Design Tool for Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on the Physical–Electrochemical Degradation Battery Model BaSiS

Weiwei Shan (), Michael Schwalm and Martin Shan
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Weiwei Shan: Energy Process Engineering Department, Fraunhofer IEE, 34117 Kassel, Germany
Michael Schwalm: Energy Process Engineering Department, Fraunhofer IEE, 34117 Kassel, Germany
Martin Shan: Faculty of Supply Engineering, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, 38302 Wolfenbüttel, Germany

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 14, 1-24

Abstract: A design toolbox has been developed for hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) that employ both batteries and supercapacitors, primarily focusing on optimizing the system sizing/cost and mitigating battery aging. The toolbox incorporates the BaSiS model, a non-empirical physical–electrochemical degradation model for lithium-ion batteries that enables accurate simulations of battery performance and degradation under realistic operating conditions. The paper presents a detailed description of the parameterization, and validation process for the battery model, emphasizing the high accuracy and strong reliability of the battery aging prediction. The HESS design toolbox can be used to investigate the impact of various battery/supercapacitor configurations and energy management algorithms on the design, battery degradation, and system investment cost of the hybrid storage system. To illustrate the effectiveness of the design toolbox, a case study on Dynamic Moderation frequency support in the UK grid was conducted. For this use case, the application of hybrid storage energy systems is well suited due to the highly dynamic power regulation requirements in island grids with low inertia. By utilizing the fast response of supercapacitors, the stress on the battery caused by short-term high-power peaks can be significantly alleviated. In this way, the hybrid storage system effectively reduces either the battery size or the battery aging rate. In summary, this research highlights the crucial role of a comprehensive analysis in the design of hybrid energy storage systems, addressing both battery aging and overall system costs. The design toolbox can provide transparency regarding the design space and assist in determining the most suitable HESS configuration for a given application.

Keywords: hybrid energy storage; supercapacitor; non-empirical physical–electrochemical degradation model; BaSiS; design tool; dynamic moderation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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