Optimal Placement of Multiple Sources in a Mesh-Type DC Microgrid Using Dijkstra’s Algorithm

Fouad Boutros, Moustapha Doumiati (), Jean-Christophe Olivier, Imad Mougharbel and Hadi Kanaan
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Fouad Boutros: IREENA Lab UR 4642, 37 bd de l’Université, 44600 Saint Nazaire, France
Moustapha Doumiati: IREENA Lab UR 4642, 37 bd de l’Université, 44600 Saint Nazaire, France
Jean-Christophe Olivier: IREENA Lab UR 4642, 37 bd de l’Université, 44600 Saint Nazaire, France
Imad Mougharbel: ETS, Laboratoire Grepci, 1100, rue Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada
Hadi Kanaan: Electrical Department, ESIB, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1100, Lebanon

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 14, 1-18

Abstract: This research paper introduces an optimization methodology for the strategic electric sources’ placement at multiple positions in a DC islanded microgrid characterized by a mesh network, aiming to minimize line losses while considering minimal cable weight. The DC microgrid studied in this paper is composed of PV panels, batteries, a diesel generator, and 20 residential loads. Employing Dijkstra’s algorithm, a graph algorithm used in Google Maps, the study identifies the shortest path (resistance) between potential source nodes and various variable loads within a predefined electric distribution mesh network topology. This study focuses on active power considerations and offers valuable insights into the placement optimization of multiple sources’ positions in DC microgrid mesh networks. A key contribution of this paper lies in the ranking of source node positions based on minimal to maximal line losses, taking into consideration optimal cable weights, while using MATPOWER to validate sources’ ranking based on Dijkstra’s hypothesis. The research further includes a techno-economic study to assess the viability of sources’ placement at multiple positions within the mesh network, comparing it with the optimal placement scenario involving a single position for all sources. This methodology serves as a valuable resource for system designers and operators aiming to minimize line losses and optimize energy distribution in DC microgrids in a mesh topology.

Keywords: DC microgrid; mesh network; optimal electric source placement; optimal line losses; optimal cable weight; Dijkstra’s algorithm; techno-economic analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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