Robust Secondary Controller for Islanded Microgrids with Unexpected Electrical Partitions under Fault Conditions

Evangelos E. Pompodakis, Georgios I. Orfanoudakis, Katsigiannis Yiannis and Emmanuel S. Karapidakis ()
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Evangelos E. Pompodakis: Institute of Energy, Environment and Climatic Change, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 714 10 Iraklio, Greece
Georgios I. Orfanoudakis: School of Engineering, Power Systems and Energy Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 714 10 Heraklion, Greece
Katsigiannis Yiannis: School of Engineering, Power Systems and Energy Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 714 10 Heraklion, Greece
Emmanuel S. Karapidakis: School of Engineering, Power Systems and Energy Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 714 10 Heraklion, Greece

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 15, 1-19

Abstract: This paper proposes a sophisticated, fault-tolerant, and centralized secondary controller that is designed for inverter-based, islanded microgrids. The proposed controller enhances system resilience to unexpected network partitions, which typically occur due to the tripping of protective devices under fault conditions. In typical radially configured MGs, a line fault can cause protective devices to isolate the faulted line, thereby splitting the MG into two electrically independent sub-microgrids (SMGs), while retaining the existing communication and control framework. In contrast to traditional centralized and distributed secondary controllers, which often fail to restore the frequency to the nominal value (50 Hz) in split SMGs, the proposed controller exhibits exceptional performance. Through simulation studies on 6-bus and 13-bus islanded MG setups, the controller has not only demonstrated its ability to swiftly restore the nominal frequency in both SMGs within a few seconds (specifically 5 s), but also to ensure fair power distribution among the distributed generators (DGs) supplying the SMGs. This rapid frequency stabilization underscores the controller’s effectiveness in maintaining stable frequency levels immediately following a fault. In contrast, the use of traditional centralized and consensus controllers typically results in a frequency deviation of about 3 Hz from the nominal value in one of the SMGs during the microgrid’s partition.

Keywords: faults; frequency restoration; microgrid partition; secondary control; voltage restoration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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