Strategic Siting of Direct Air Capture Facilities in the United States

Jason Boerst, Ivonne Pena Cabra (), Smriti Sharma, Connie Zaremsky and Arun K. S. Iyengar
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Jason Boerst: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
Ivonne Pena Cabra: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
Smriti Sharma: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
Connie Zaremsky: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
Arun K. S. Iyengar: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 15, 1-30

Abstract: Direct air capture (DAC) systems that capture carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) directly from the atmosphere are garnering considerable attention for their potential role as negative emission technologies in achieving net-zero CO 2 emission goals. Common DAC technologies are based either on liquid–solvent (L-DAC) or solid–sorbent (S-DAC) to capture CO 2 . A comprehensive multi-factor comparative economic analysis of the deployment of L-DAC and S-DAC facilities across various United States (U.S.) cities is presented in this paper. The analysis considers the influence of various factors on the favorability of DAC deployment, including local climatic conditions such as temperature, humidity, and CO 2 concentrations; the availability of energy sources to power the DAC system; and costs for the transport and storage of the captured CO 2 along with the consideration of the regional market and policy drivers. The deployment analysis in over 70 continental U.S. cities shows that L-DAC and S-DAC complement each other spatially, as their performance and operational costs vary in different climates. L-DAC is more suited to the hot, humid Southeast, while S-DAC is preferrable in the colder, drier Rocky Mountain region. Strategic deployment based on regional conditions and economics is essential for promoting the commercial adoptability of DAC, which is a critical technology to meet the CO 2 reduction targets.

Keywords: direct air capture; U.S. direct air capture deployment; CO 2 removal technology; U.S. market and policy drivers; CO 2 transport and storage economics; carbon capture, utilization, and storage (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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