Risks and Safety of CO 2 Pipeline Transport: A Case Study of the Analysis and Modeling of the Risk of Accidental Release of CO 2 into the Atmosphere

Paweł Bielka, Szymon Kuczyński (), Tomasz Włodek and Stanisław Nagy
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Paweł Bielka: Doctoral School, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
Szymon Kuczyński: Department of Gas Engineering, Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
Tomasz Włodek: Department of Gas Engineering, Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
Stanisław Nagy: Department of Gas Engineering, Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 16, 1-17

Abstract: In the field of CO 2 capture and sequestration, ensuring the safety of pipeline infrastructure is paramount to successful climate change mitigation efforts. This study investigates the dynamics of CO 2 dispersion from pipeline systems, assessing not only the transport process but also the physical properties and associated hazards. Advanced simulation techniques are used to model how different states of CO 2 (gas, liquid, and supercritical) and varying pipeline characteristics—such as perforation sizes, flow rates, and orientations—affect the dispersion patterns in the event of a leak. Simulations cover a range of atmospheric conditions, emphasizing the role of atmospheric stability and wind speed in shaping dispersion and defining potential impact zones. An analysis of historical pipeline accidents is included to inform risk management strategies. The results show that the orientation of the pipeline has a significant effect on dispersion, with downward leaks causing the largest impact zones, particularly under supercritical conditions. The results highlight the need for adaptive safety strategies that take into account real-time CO 2 transport conditions and localized environmental data. By integrating these factors, the study recommends refining safety protocols and emergency response strategies to improve pipeline resilience and public safety against potential leaks. Key findings include the quantification of the relationship between leak parameters and dispersion areas, providing a valuable framework for future safety improvements.

Keywords: CO 2 dispersion; pipeline safety; risk management; CO 2 transport; CO 2 plume modelling; toxicity of CO 2 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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