On the Thermal Stability of Selected Electrode Materials and Electrolytes for Na-Ion Batteries

Ruslan R. Samigullin, Zoya V. Bobyleva, Maxim V. Zakharkin, Emiliya V. Zharikova, Marina G. Rozova, Oleg A. Drozhzhin () and Evgeny V. Antipov
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Ruslan R. Samigullin: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
Zoya V. Bobyleva: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
Maxim V. Zakharkin: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
Emiliya V. Zharikova: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
Marina G. Rozova: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
Oleg A. Drozhzhin: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
Evgeny V. Antipov: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 16, 1-12

Abstract: Sodium-ion batteries are a technology rapidly approaching widespread adoption, so studying the thermal stability and safety of their components is a pressing issue. In this work, we employed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and ex situ powder X-ray diffraction to study the thermal stability of several types of sodium-ion electrolytes (NaClO 4 and NaPF 6 solutions in PC, EC, DEC, and their mixtures) and various cathode and anode materials (Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , Na 3 (VO) 2 (PO 4 ) 2 F, β-NaVP 2 O 7 , and hard carbon) in combination with electrolytes. The obtained results indicate, first, the satisfactory thermal stability of liquid Na-ion electrolytes, which start to decompose only at 270~300 °C. Second, we observed that charged vanadium-based polyanionic cathodes, which appear to be very stable in the “dry” state, demonstrate an increase in decomposition enthalpy and a shift of the DSC peaks to lower temperatures when in contact with 1 M NaPF 6 in the EC:DEC solution. However, the greatest thermal effect from the “electrode–electrolyte” interaction is demonstrated by the anode material: the heat of decomposition of the soaked electrode in the charged state is almost 40% higher than the sum of the decomposition enthalpies of the electrolyte and dry electrode separately.

Keywords: Na-ion batteries; differential scanning calorimetry; thermal stability; electrode material; electrolyte; cathode; anode (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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