A Hydrogen-Integrated Aggregator Model for Managing the Point of Common Coupling Congestion in Green Multi-Microgrids

Farshad Khavari and Jay Liu ()
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Farshad Khavari: Institute of Cleaner Production Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea
Jay Liu: Institute of Cleaner Production Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 16, 1-20

Abstract: The rapid expansion of energy storage integration has not provided sufficient time to strengthen and expand the transmission and distribution network. This issue can lead to PCC congestion in green multi-microgrid (MMG) systems. In these systems, microgrids operate independently and connect to the grid at a point of common coupling (PCC) without sharing operational data with neighboring microgrids. To address this issue, this paper proposes a bi-level optimization model designed to reschedule hydrogen storage systems. The first level allows each microgrid to optimize its energy transactions with the grid and communicates any unbalanced energy to the second level, where a hydrogen management system (HMS) is introduced. The HMS optimizes virtual hydrogen prices to address the PCC congestion and maximize the MMG’s profit. These virtual prices are then sent to the first level, allowing the microgrids to reschedule the hydrogen storage systems based on these virtual prices. Finally, the MMG’s profit is fairly allocated among the microgrids using the Shapley value method. The proposed method’s effectiveness is demonstrated using simulations, which show a six percent increase in MMG profit compared to scenarios that only share PCC capacity while maintaining the data privacy of all the involved microgrids.

Keywords: energy management system; hydrogen storage system; congestion; aggregator; multi-microgrids (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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