Scalable Ni 12 P 5 -Coated Carbon Cloth Cathode for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Artur M. Suzanowicz, Thulitha M. Abeywickrama, Hao Lin, Dana Alramahi, Carlo U. Segre and Braja K. Mandal ()
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Artur M. Suzanowicz: Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
Thulitha M. Abeywickrama: Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
Hao Lin: Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
Dana Alramahi: Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
Carlo U. Segre: Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research and Instrumentation, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
Braja K. Mandal: Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 17, 1-9

Abstract: As a better alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) stand out because of their multi-electron redox reactions and high theoretical specific capacity (1675 mA h g −1 ). However, the long-term stability of LSBs and their commercialization are significantly compromised by the inherently irreversible transition of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPS) into solid short-chain S species (Li 2 S 2 and Li 2 S) and the resulting substantial density change in S. To address these issues, we used activated carbon cloth (ACC) coated with Ni 12 P 5 as a porous, conductive, and scalable sulfur host material for LSBs. ACC has the benefit of high electrical conductivity, high surface area, and a three-dimensional (3D) porous architecture, allowing for ion transport channels and void spaces for the volume expansion of S upon lithiation. Ni 12 P 5 accelerates the breakdown of Li 2 S to increase the efficiency of active materials and trap soluble polysulfides. The highly effective Ni 12 P 5 electrocatalyst supported on ACC drastically reduced the severity of the LiPS shuttle, affected the abundance of adsorption–diffusion–conversion interfaces, and demonstrated outstanding performance. Our cells achieved near theoretical capacity (>1611 mA h g −1 ) during initial cycling and superior capacity retention (87%) for >250 cycles following stabilization with a 0.05% decay rate per cycle at 0.2 C.

Keywords: lithium–sulfur batteries; bulk sulfur cathode synthesis; carbon cloth; Ni 12 P 5; lithium polysulfides (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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