Assessing the Static Security of the Italian Grid by Means of the N -1 Three-Phase Contingency Analysis

Giovanni Gardan, Luca Rusalen and Roberto Benato ()
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Giovanni Gardan: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Luca Rusalen: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Roberto Benato: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 17, 1-13

Abstract: The ongoing replacement of synchronous machine generators (SMs) with converter-interface generators (CIGs) is raising the voltage unbalance of power systems, affecting power quality and grid stability. This paper focuses on a key power quality index for power systems, i.e., the voltage unbalance factor. The purpose of this work is twofold. First, it presents the generalization of a three-phase power flow algorithm developed by University of Padova, named PFPD_3P, to assess the voltage unbalance factors of power systems supplied by CIGs. In particular, it is demonstrated that CIGs can be modelled as three-phase PV/PQ constraints embedding their positive-, negative- and zero-sequence admittances. Then, the concept of three-phase contingency analysis is introduced. Indeed, for static security evaluation, the classical single-phase contingency analysis may no longer be sufficient, as it lacks power quality computations, e.g., voltage/current unbalance factors. Numerical simulations evaluating the unbalance factors due to different generation mix scenarios and contingencies are tested on the Italian extra-high-voltage/high-voltage (EHV/HV) grid. The choice of this network relies on its representativeness, as CIGs are the majority of new installations in the Italian generation mix.

Keywords: power quality; power system analysis; renewable energy sources; three-phase contingency analysis; three-phase power flow (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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