Ejectors in Hydrogen Recirculation for PEMFC-Based Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Design, Operation, and Numerical Simulations

Masoud Arabbeiki, Mohsen Mansourkiaei (), Domenico Ferrero () and Massimo Santarelli
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Masoud Arabbeiki: Department of Energy (DENERG), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
Mohsen Mansourkiaei: Department of Energy (DENERG), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
Domenico Ferrero: Department of Energy (DENERG), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
Massimo Santarelli: Department of Energy (DENERG), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 19, 1-22

Abstract: Fuel cell systems often utilize a hydrogen recirculation system to redirect and transport surplus hydrogen back to the anode, which enhances fuel consumption and boosts the efficiency of the fuel cell. Hydrogen recirculation pumps and ejectors are the most investigated systems. Ejectors are gaining recognition as an essential device in fuel cell systems. However, their application in hydrogen recirculation systems is often limited by a narrow operational range. Therefore, it is advantageous to compile the present condition of the study on various ejector shapes as well as configurations that can accommodate a broader operational range, along with the numerical simulations employed in these studies. This paper begins by examining the structure and operation of ejectors. It then compares and analyzes the latest advancements in research on ejector-based hydrogen recirculation systems with extended operating ranges and reviews the details of numerical simulations of ejectors, which are crucial for the development of innovative and efficient ejectors. This study provides key insights and recommendations for integrating hydrogen ejectors into the hydrogen cycle system of fuel cell engines.

Keywords: ejector; proton exchange membrane fuel cell; hydrogen recirculation; numerical simulations; turbulence model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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