Review and Evaluation of Multi-Agent Control Applications for Energy Management in Buildings

Panagiotis Michailidis (), Iakovos Michailidis and Elias Kosmatopoulos ()
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Panagiotis Michailidis: Center for Research and Technology Hellas, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
Iakovos Michailidis: Center for Research and Technology Hellas, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
Elias Kosmatopoulos: Center for Research and Technology Hellas, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 19, 1-38

Abstract: The current paper presents a comprehensive review analysis of Multi-agent control methodologies for Integrated Building Energy Management Systems (IBEMSs), considering combinations of multi-diverse equipment such as Heating, Ventilation, and Air conditioning (HVAC), domestic hot water (DHW), lighting systems (LS), renewable energy sources (RES), energy storage systems (ESS) as well as electric vehicles (EVs), integrated at the building level. Grounded in the evaluation of key control methodologies—such as Model Predictive Control (MPC) and reinforcement learning (RL) along with their synergistic hybrid integration—the current study integrates a large number of impactful applications of the last decade and evaluates their contribution to the field of energy management in buildings. To this end, over seventy key scholarly papers from the 2014–2024 period have been integrated and analyzed to provide a holistic evaluation on different areas of interest, including the utilized algorithms, agent interactions, energy system types, building typologies, application types and simulation tools. Moreover, by analyzing the latest advancements in the field, a fruitful trend identification is conducted in the realm of multi-agent control for IBEMS frameworks, highlighting the most prominent solutions to achieve sustainability and energy efficiency.

Keywords: multi-agent control; decentralized control; distributed control; model-free control; model-based control; reinforcement learning; model predictive control; building energy management; HVAC; RES (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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