Rationalization of Energy Expenditure: Household Behavior in Poland

Elżbieta Stańczyk (), Katarzyna Szalonka, Małgorzata Niklewicz-Pijaczyńska, Wioletta Nowak, Piotr Stańczyk, Katarzyna Witczyńska and Justyna Ziobrowska-Sztuczka ()
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Elżbieta Stańczyk: Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics Institute of Economic Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Uniwersytecka 22/26, 50-145 Wroclaw, Poland
Katarzyna Szalonka: Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics Institute of Economic Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Uniwersytecka 22/26, 50-145 Wroclaw, Poland
Małgorzata Niklewicz-Pijaczyńska: Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics Institute of Economic Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Uniwersytecka 22/26, 50-145 Wroclaw, Poland
Wioletta Nowak: Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics Institute of Economic Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Uniwersytecka 22/26, 50-145 Wroclaw, Poland
Piotr Stańczyk: Faculty of Economics and Finance, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland
Katarzyna Witczyńska: Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics Institute of Economic Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Uniwersytecka 22/26, 50-145 Wroclaw, Poland
Justyna Ziobrowska-Sztuczka: Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics Institute of Economic Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Uniwersytecka 22/26, 50-145 Wroclaw, Poland

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 21, 1-17

Abstract: Background: The implementation of the EU climate and energy policy, along with changes in the legal environment, has led to a significant increase in energy prices in Poland. Consequently, energy expenditures are now a larger part of household budgets. These rising energy costs and the evolving legal landscape are compelling households to invest in energy-saving solutions and modify their energy consumption habits. This article aims to identify the activities of households in Poland regarding the rationalization of energy expenditures. It formulates the following research hypothesis: households invest in energy-saving appliances to rationalize energy expenditures and/or change their behaviors to reduce energy consumption. Methods: The paper is based on primary research conducted using an online questionnaire survey on a sample of 331 respondents in Poland in March and April 2023. Results: A classification tree algorithm was used to identify the level of investment activities and behavioral changes made by households to reduce energy expenditures. The authors found that low-income households and people who fear further energy price increases are the first of all to change their behaviors for more energy-efficient ones. Medium- and high-income households take investment measures. They replace household appliances with more energy-efficient ones and install heat pumps and photovoltaic panels. These investments are motivated by responsible consumption, environmental protection, cleanliness, and the ease of use of the appliances.

Keywords: responsible energy consumption; energy innovation; consumer behavior (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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