Stimulation of Batch Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion by Cellulose- and Polysaccharide-Derived Polymers in Landfill Leachates

Olga Muter (), Dita Gudrā, Laura Žorža, Tūrs Selga, Ance Roga, Edmunds Skinderskis, Uģis Eismonts, Kārlis Vonda, Ineta Kalniņa, Dāvids Fridmanis and Andrejs Grīnbergs
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Olga Muter: Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
Dita Gudrā: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, 1 Ratsupites Str, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
Laura Žorža: Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
Tūrs Selga: Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
Ance Roga: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, 1 Ratsupites Str, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
Edmunds Skinderskis: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, 1 Ratsupites Str, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
Uģis Eismonts: Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
Kārlis Vonda: Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
Ineta Kalniņa: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, 1 Ratsupites Str, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
Dāvids Fridmanis: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, 1 Ratsupites Str, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
Andrejs Grīnbergs: Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 21, 1-16

Abstract: The fate of biobased and biodegradable cellulose-derived plastics in landfills represents an important topic from economic and environmental points of view. Anaerobic digestion is a cost-effective waste-to-energy technology. The behaviour of six polymer types—that is, cellulose (C), cellulose acetate (CA), viscose (V), nanocellulose (NC), acetate textile (AT), and heteropolysaccharide pectin (P)—was studied under anaerobic batch mesophilic conditions in a landfill leachate for 147 days. The cumulative biogas production was as follows: C>V=CA>>AT>>NC=P. Metagenomic analysis revealed notable variations in the proportion of bacterial and archaeal domains with the highest archaeal abundance in the presence of CA (80.2%) and C (78.5%). At the end of digestion, cellulolytic, hydrolytic, and dehydrogenase activities were measured in the intact samples, as well as the liquid and solid fractions, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Cellulolytic activity in P was detected only in the pellet, while in NC, activity was mostly in the supernatant under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal scanning laser microscopy showed a defragmentation and degradation of polymeric substrates as well as microbial colonisation. Based on the results, landfill leachate is appropriate for the anaerobic biodegradation of cellulose-derived polymers; however, the process is polymer specific.

Keywords: biogas; cellulase; cellulose acetate; landfill leachate; viscose; scanning electron microscopy; shotgun sequencing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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