Review of Power-to-Liquid (PtL) Technology for Renewable Methanol (e-MeOH): Recent Developments, Emerging Trends and Prospects for the Cement Plant Industry

Luísa Marques, Maria Vieira, José Condeço, Henrique Sousa, Carlos Henriques and Maria Mateus ()
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Luísa Marques: c5Lab—Sustainable Construction Materials Association, 2795-242 Lisbon, Portugal
Maria Vieira: c5Lab—Sustainable Construction Materials Association, 2795-242 Lisbon, Portugal
José Condeço: c5Lab—Sustainable Construction Materials Association, 2795-242 Lisbon, Portugal
Henrique Sousa: c5Lab—Sustainable Construction Materials Association, 2795-242 Lisbon, Portugal
Carlos Henriques: Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
Maria Mateus: c5Lab—Sustainable Construction Materials Association, 2795-242 Lisbon, Portugal

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 22, 1-41

Abstract: The cement industry is a significant contributor (around 8%) to CO 2 global emissions. About 60% of the industry’s emissions come from limestone calcination, which is essential for clinker production, while 40% are the result of fuel combustion. Reducing these emissions is challenging due to limestone’s role as the primary raw material for cement. Cement plants are required to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, as outlined in the 13th United Nations Sustainable Goals. One strategy to achieve this goal, involves Carbon Capture and utilization (CCU). Among the options for CO 2 utilization, the Power-to-Liquid (PtL) strategy offers a means to mitigate CO 2 emissions. In PtL, the CO 2 captured from cement industrial flue gas is combined with the hydrogen generated by renewable electrolysis (green hydrogen) and is catalytically converted into renewable methanol (e-MeOH). In this sense, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the worldwide existing pilot and demonstration units and projects funded by the EU across several industries. It specifically focuses on PtL technology worldwide within cement plants. This work covers 18 locations worldwide, detailing technology existent at plants of different capacities, location, and project partners. Finally, the review analyses techno-economic assessments related to e-MeOH production processes, highlighting the potential impact on achieving carbon neutrality in the cement industry.

Keywords: Power-to-Liquid (PtL); renewable methanol (e-MeOH); renewable electrolysis (green H 2 ); CO 2 capture; CO 2 utilization; pilot units; demonstration units; techno-economic assessments; cement industry (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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