Reliability Model of Battery Energy Storage Cooperating with Prosumer PV Installations

Magdalena Bartecka (), Piotr Marchel, Krzysztof Zagrajek, Mirosław Lewandowski and Mariusz Kłos
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Magdalena Bartecka: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Piotr Marchel: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Krzysztof Zagrajek: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Mirosław Lewandowski: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Mariusz Kłos: Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 23, 1-23

Abstract: The energy transition toward low-carbon electricity systems has resulted in a steady increase in RESs. The expansion of RESs has been accompanied by a growing number of energy storage systems (ESSs) that smooth the demand curve or improve power quality. However, in order to investigate ESS benefits, it is necessary to determine their reliability. This article proposes a four-state reliability model of a battery ESS operating with a PV system for low-voltage grid end users: households and offices. The model assumes an integration scenario of an ESS and a PV system to maximize autoconsumption and determine generation reliability related to energy availability. The paper uses a simulation approach and proposes many variants of power source and storage capacity. Formulas to calculate the reliability parameters—the intensity of transition λ , resident time T i , or stationary probabilities—are provided. The results show that increasing the BESS capacity above 80% of daily energy consumption does not improve the availability probability, but it may lead to an unnecessary cost increase; doubling the PV system capacity results in a decrease in the unavailability probability by almost half. The analysis of the results by season shows that it is impossible to achieve a high level of BESS reliability in winter in temperate climates.

Keywords: battery energy storage system; renewable energy sources; reliability; prosumer installation; availability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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