Study on Electrical Characteristics Analysis and Electrical Circuit Model Design of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Systems Based on Current and Flow Rate Conditions

Seongjun Lee, Hyeonhong Jung and Yoon-Gyung Sung ()
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Seongjun Lee: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
Hyeonhong Jung: Mobase Electronics, Suwon 16648, Republic of Korea
Yoon-Gyung Sung: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 23, 1-19

Abstract: Recent research has focused on vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) to address the short lifetimes and fire risks associated with lithium battery systems. While VRFBs offer advantages in safety, they suffer from low energy density and efficiency compared with lithium batteries. To improve VRFB performance, studies are exploring improvements in materials such as anodes, cathodes, and separators and optimizing operations by controlling electrolyte flow rates. However, the impact of current magnitude on VRFB efficiency has been less studied, with few analyses addressing both current and flow rate effects. This research proposes an experimental procedure to evaluate charge/discharge efficiency, energy efficiency, and system efficiency across varying current magnitudes and electrolyte flow rates, using a 40 W VRFB stack composed of four 10 W cells in series. In addition, we introduce a design method for an electrical equivalent circuit model that simulates the VRFB stack, reflecting experimental findings. The model’s accuracy was validated by comparing it with data from 11 full charge/full discharge cycle tests, which varied current and electrolyte amounts.

Keywords: vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB); energy storage system (ESS); efficiency; electrical circuit model (ECM); flow rate; electrolyte; current magnitude; charge/discharge cycle test (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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