Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen Systems

Khalil Gholami, Ali Azizivahed, Ali Arefi, Li Li, Mohammad Taufiqul Arif () and Md Enamul Haque
Additional contact information
Khalil Gholami: Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicle (REEV) Laboratory, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
Ali Azizivahed: School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Ali Arefi: School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
Li Li: School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Mohammad Taufiqul Arif: Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicle (REEV) Laboratory, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
Md Enamul Haque: Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicle (REEV) Laboratory, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 24, 1-20

Abstract: The integration of electrolyzers and fuel cells can cause voltage fluctuations within microgrids if not properly scheduled. Therefore, controlling voltage and reactive power becomes crucial to mitigate the impact of fluctuating voltage levels, ensuring system stability and preventing damage to equipment. This paper, therefore, seeks to enhance voltage and reactive power control within reconfigurable microgrids in the presence of innovative power-to-hydrogen technologies via electrolyzers and hydrogen-to-power through fuel cells. Specifically, it focuses on the simultaneous coordination of an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage, and a fuel cell alongside on-load tap changers, smart photovoltaic inverters, renewable energy sources, diesel generators, and electric vehicle aggregation within the microgrid system. Additionally, dynamic network reconfiguration is employed to enhance microgrid flexibility and improve the overall system adaptability. Given the inherent unpredictability linked to resources, the unscented transformation method is employed to account for these uncertainties in the proposed voltage and reactive power management. Finally, the model is formulated as a convex optimization problem and is solved through GUROBI version 11, which leads to having a time-efficient model with high accuracy. To assess the effectiveness of the model, it is eventually examined on a modified 33-bus microgrid in several cases. Through the results of the under-study microgrid, the developed model is a great remedy for the simultaneous operation of diverse resources in reconfigurable microgrids with a flatter voltage profile across the microgrid.

Keywords: Volt-VAr control; electric vehicles; network reconfiguration; power-to-hydrogen; hydrogen-to-power; electrolyzer; fuel cell (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6442/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6442/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:24:p:6442-:d:1548980

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().