Engine and Emission Performance of Renewable Fuels in a Small Displacement Turbocharged Diesel Engine

Ornella Chiavola (), Jonas Matijošius, Fulvio Palmieri and Erasmo Recco
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Ornella Chiavola: Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, 00154 Rome, Italy
Jonas Matijošius: Institute of Mechanical Science, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
Fulvio Palmieri: Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, 00154 Rome, Italy
Erasmo Recco: Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, 00154 Rome, Italy

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 24, 1-15

Abstract: A reduction in emissions in transportation is paramount to achieve full compliance with the European Union’s 2050 targets. In this framework, a great boost to the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission of internal combustion engines fueled by petroleum-derived fuels can be obtained through the adoption of biomass-derived fuels that can be employed in conventional series production engine vehicles. This paper presents the results of an experimental activity on a two-cylinder turbocharged common rail diesel engine, whose main application is for urban mobility, fueled with renewable fuels: Neste MY Renewable Diesel and Eni HVOlution. Aimed at analyzing the potential employment of renewable fuels as drop-in alternative fuels, the engine performance and emissions were investigated under fixed settings of the injection parameters, in the complete range of the engine speed, at the full pedal position. The comparison with the data from tests in which the engine was fueled with fossil diesel highlighted minimal differences in the performance outcomes, while significant differences were observed in the emissions results. In more detail, there were reduced carbon monoxide (CO) emissions (HVO produced using Ecofining™ technology retained better behavior in relation to HVO produced using the NEXBTL™ technology), advantages in hydrocarbon (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions (HVO from NESTE Oil performed better than HVO from ENI), a decrease in the particle mass and number emissions (HVO from Ecofining™ technology was characterized by a lower particle number and court mean diameter in relation to HVO from the NEXBTL™ technology). The results highlight that an optimization of the engine settings based on the specific properties of each fuel could allow us to take full advantage of these fuels in reducing the environmental impact of cars.

Keywords: diesel engine; combustion process; greenhouse emissions; renewable fuels; green diesel; HVO (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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