A Review of Fast Power-Reserve Control Techniques in Grid-Connected Wind Energy Conversion Systems

Matheus Schramm Dall’Asta and Telles Brunelli Lazzarin ()
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Matheus Schramm Dall’Asta: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
Telles Brunelli Lazzarin: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 2, 1-29

Abstract: Grid-connected power-converter-interfaced systems have been sharing the responsibility of grid generation alongside conventional synchronous generators. However, these systems lack spinning reserves, leading to a decrease in system inertia and resulting in more pronounced frequency deviations during power imbalances. Therefore, grid codes require the active involvement of wind energy conversion systems in frequency control, aiming to constrain the frequency and rate of change of frequency variations within predefined limits. This paper reviews fast power-reserve control techniques without energy storage in wind energy conversion systems that do not depend on frequency or rate of change of frequency values. The resulting effects on system frequency, energy production, mechanical loadings, and electrical loadings are assessed. The techniques are classified in the maximum-power point-tracking region according to the power function during the transient response, such as constant, speed-, time-, or mechanical power-dependent methods. Both overproduction and underproduction stages are considered. Certain techniques are tested on simulation grids that include either hydro or no-reheat steam generators, followed by a comparative analysis.

Keywords: frequency control; fast power reserve; wind energy conversion system; wind turbine (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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