Lithofacies Characteristics of Gulong Shale and Its Influence on Reservoir Physical Properties

Zongyan Han, Guiwen Wang (), Hongliang Wu, Zhou Feng, Han Tian, Yingyi Xie and Hao Wu
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Zongyan Han: National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
Guiwen Wang: National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
Hongliang Wu: Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
Zhou Feng: Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
Han Tian: Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
Yingyi Xie: Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd., Daqing 163712, China
Hao Wu: School of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 4, 1-13

Abstract: The lithofacies characteristics of the Qingshankou Formation (K 2 qn) shale in the Gulong Depression are crucial for oil exploration and development. This study investigates the K 2 qn shale lithofacies characteristics and their impact on reservoir physical properties using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-pressure mercury injection (HPMI), and logging quantification. The results indicate that the main minerals in K 2 qn shale are quartz, plagioclase, and clay. The sedimentary structures are classified into three types: laminated, layered, and massive. The K 2 qn shale lithofacies can be categorized into 12 types based on a combination of lithology and sedimentary structure. The main types are laminated clayey shale, layered clayey shale, and layered felsic shale. The larger the average pore size of the K 2 qn lithofacies, the stronger the heterogeneity of pore size distribution in space and the better the pore-to-throat connectivity. The impact of K 2 qn shale lithofacies on reservoir physical properties is mainly due to differences in lithology, complemented by variations in the sedimentary structural model. Under certain diagenetic or tectonic conditions, a layered sedimentary structural model of lithofacies may not increase reservoir permeability. Generally, felsic and carbonate rocks in tidal flat environments promote the development of shale with high permeability and porosity, while lithofacies deposited in static water environments below the wave base in lake basins typically exhibit low permeability and porosity. The physical properties of a reservoir are primarily influenced by the differences in pore throat characteristics resulting from variations in lithology.

Keywords: Gulong depression; shale; lithofacies; sedimentary structure; physical property (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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