On the Way to Utilizing Green Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier—A Case of Northern Sweden

Jin Zhong and Math H. J. Bollen ()
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Jin Zhong: Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Math H. J. Bollen: Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Skellefteå, Sweden

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 7, 1-12

Abstract: Low or even zero carbon dioxide emissions will be an essential requirement for energy supplies in the near future. Besides transport and electricity generation, industry is another large carbon emitter. Hydrogen produced by renewable energy provides a flexible way of utilizing that energy. Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, could be stored in a large capacity compared to electricity. In Sweden, hydrogen will be used to replace coal for steel production. This paper discusses how the need for electricity to produce hydrogen will affect the electricity supply and power flow in the Swedish power grid, and whether it will result in increased emissions in other regions. Data of the Swedish system will be used to study the feasibility of implementing the hydrogen system from the power system viewpoint, and discuss the electricity price and emission issues caused by the hydrogen production in different scenarios. This paper concludes that the Swedish power grid is feasible for accommodating the additional electricity capacity requirement of producing green hydrogen for the steel industry. The obtained results could be references for decision makers, investors, and power system operators.

Keywords: carbon neutral; power transmission and power flow; hydrogen; Swedish power grid; carbon emission; renewable energy; energy carrier; electricity supply (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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