Tilt Angle Effect on Natural Convection Heat Transfer from an Inclined Array of Square Cylinders

Zeyad Al-Suhaibani, Mohamed Ali () and Redhwan Almuzaiqer
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Zeyad Al-Suhaibani: Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed Ali: Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
Redhwan Almuzaiqer: Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 7, 1-16

Abstract: Natural convection heat transfer from an inclined array of square cross-section cylinders is experimentally studied. Three cylinders of side length D = 0.02 m and 1 m length are used to form the inclined array. Three-cylinder axis inclination angles to the horizontal of 30°, 45°, and 60° are considered. The cylinders are heated using an internal heating element of constant heat flux. Surface temperatures are measured along the three surfaces of each cylinder; upper, lower, and the front side at nine points spaced evenly by 10 cm. The local circumference average temperature is obtained at each point. Four center-to-center distances to side length S / D = 1.25, 1.75, 2.25, and 2.75 are used. Local Nusselt numbers and the modified Rayleigh numbers are obtained for each cylinder at each circumference averaged temperature point. Results show that the lower cylinder heat transfer is least affected by the array compared to that of its single one followed by the middle and the upper cylinder for all S / D and the inclination angles used. The Nusselt number is degraded from that of the single cylinder at a small S / D and that degradation decreases as the S / D increases for all angles. It is observed that the Nusselt number enhances at the small cylinder axis tilt angle of 30°, followed by 45°, and 60°, especially at high modified Rayleigh numbers. New novel general empirical correlations for Nusselt numbers are obtained for each S / D using the cylinder axis tilt angle, the modified Rayleigh numbers, and the cylinder number in the array as parameters. A new general correlation is obtained for the array using the modified Rayleigh number, S / D , the cylinder axis tilt angle, and the cylinder sequential order number as parameters. These new correlations will help any engineering applications using such a configuration of the array.

Keywords: natural convection heat transfer; array of inclined square cylinders; empirical correlations; experimental heat transfer (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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