Optimal Observer-Based Power Imbalance Allocation for Frequency Regulation in Shipboard Microgrids

Gianmario Rinaldi (), Devika K. Baby and Prathyush P. Menon
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Gianmario Rinaldi: Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
Devika K. Baby: Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
Prathyush P. Menon: Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 7, 1-17

Abstract: This paper proposes a two-level control strategy based on a super-twisting sliding-mode algorithm (STA) to optimally allocate power imbalances in shipboard microgrids (SMGs) while achieving frequency regulation. The strategy employs an STA observer to estimate the unknown power load demand imbalances in finite time. This estimate is then passed to an online high-level optimal control framework to periodically determine the optimal sequence of power reference values for each energy storage device (ESS), minimising the operational cost of the SMG. The online optimised power reference values are interpolated and passed to the low-level STA control strategy to control the output power of each ESS. The efficacy of the proposed methods is demonstrated through numerical simulations conducted on a prototypical model of an SMG equipped with two ESSs, namely batteries and fuel cells with associated hydrogen storage.

Keywords: control systems; electrical power systems; energy systems; microgrids; observers; optimisation; simulation; variable structure systems (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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