Geochemical Characteristics of the Paleozoic Marine Source Rocks and Ultra-Deep Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mode of the Awati Sag

Zezhang Song (), Ziyu Zhang, Xiaoheng Ding, Yuanyin Zhang (), Zhongkai Bai, Lihong Liu and Yongjin Gao
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Zezhang Song: National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
Ziyu Zhang: National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
Xiaoheng Ding: National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
Yuanyin Zhang: Oil & Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
Zhongkai Bai: Oil & Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
Lihong Liu: Oil & Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
Yongjin Gao: Oil & Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 9, 1-24

Abstract: The Lower Paleozoic of the Awati Sag and its periphery is a region with relatively low levels of exploration and stands as a frontier for ultra-deep hydrocarbon exploration. Based on outcrop and core samples, this study integrated organic geochemical analysis, total organic carbon ( TOC ) logging interpretation, and one-dimensional and two-dimensional hydrocarbon accumulation simulations, to clarify the primary source rock of the Lower Paleozoic and its characteristics, as well as its hydrocarbon accumulation mode. The findings indicate the following: (1) The Lower Paleozoic features two sets of industrial source rocks. The Yuertusi Formation, with its considerable thickness (approximately 200 m), widespread distribution, and elevated TOC (averaging approximately 5% from experimental data and logging interpretation), stands out as the Lower Paleozoic’s most pivotal source rock. (2) The Yuertusi and Saergan Formations are in a high-to-over-mature stage, with the Yuertusi initiating oil generation in the early Silurian and transitioning to gas by the late Permian. The Saergan began producing oil in the Carboniferous, followed by gas in the late Permian. (3) The potential ultra-deep gas reservoirs in the Awati Sag are mainly distributed in the structural traps closer to the deep faults in five potential target formations. Deep natural gas typically exhibits mixed-source signatures, with the mixing notably pronounced along the Shajingzi Fault Belt due to influential basin-controlling faults.

Keywords: ultra-deeply buried strata; Yuertusi formation; Saergan formation; hydrocarbon accumulation simulation; the Awati Sag (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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