Review of Fuel-Cell Electric Vehicles

Tingke Fang, Coleman Vairin, Annette von Jouanne (), Emmanuel Agamloh and Alex Yokochi
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Tingke Fang: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
Coleman Vairin: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
Annette von Jouanne: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
Emmanuel Agamloh: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
Alex Yokochi: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 9, 1-25

Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the status and future prospects of fuel-cell electric vehicles (FC-EVs). As global concerns about emissions escalate, FC-EVs have emerged as a promising substitute for traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. This paper discusses the fundamentals of fuel-cell technology considering the major types of fuel cells that have been researched and delves into the most suitable fuel cells for FC-EV applications, including comparisons with mainstream vehicle technologies. The present state of FC-EVs, ongoing research, and the challenges and opportunities that need to be accounted for are discussed. Furthermore, the comparison between promising proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technologies used in EVs provides valuable insights into their respective strengths and challenges. By synthesizing these aspects, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding and facilitate decision-making for future advancements in sustainable FC-EV transportation, thereby contributing to the realization of a cleaner, greener, and more environmentally friendly future.

Keywords: fuel-cell vehicles; electric vehicles; alternative fuels; clean energy; transportation; sustainability; PEMFC; SOFC; fuel-cell technology; fuel-cell vehicle architecture; well-to-wheel efficiency; decision-making (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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