Onshore Power Supply in Multi-Terminal Maritime Ports

Carmen Luisa Vásquez, Francisco António Borges, Lucas Marinho, Jesús C. Hernández () and Teresa Batista
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Carmen Luisa Vásquez: MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Change—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced and Research, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
Francisco António Borges: MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Change—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced and Research, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
Lucas Marinho: MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Change—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced and Research, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
Jesús C. Hernández: RIBIERSE-CYTED, Red para la Integración a Gran Escala de Energías Renovables en los Sistemas Eléctricos, Proyecto 723RT0150, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaén, Campus Lagunillas s/n, Edificio A3, 23071 Jaén, Spain
Teresa Batista: MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Change—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced and Research, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-18

Abstract: Depending on the type of fuels used by ships in maritime port operations, emissions may contribute more or less to the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The maneuvering of ships at maritime ports uses mainly auxiliary engines, resulting in a significant contribution to emissions. It is understandable that the energy transition in this sector brings benefits and is essential to sustainability, considering its economic and strategic importance. Among the measures established to ensure this transition is the onshore power supply and increased electrification in transportation operations. Maritime ports are not yet prepared for these adjustments, as their heterogeneity and contexts require further research, such as studying the impact of depth on energy consumption, terminal type, and others. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions achievable through the implementation of an onshore power supply at the Port of Sines, Portugal. Furthermore, it aims to identify the key factors influencing these adoptions to provide practical recommendations that can guide in advancing energy transition, reducing reliance on fuels, and fostering a sustainable future for the port industry.

Keywords: greenhouse gas emissions; maritime port; onshore power supply (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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