A Real-World Case Study Towards Net Zero: EV Charger and Heat Pump Integration in End-User Residential Distribution Networks

Thet Paing Tun, Oguzhan Ceylan and Ioana Pisica ()
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Thet Paing Tun: Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University of London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
Oguzhan Ceylan: Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University of London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
Ioana Pisica: Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University of London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-27

Abstract: The electrification of energy systems is essential for carbon reduction and sustainable energy goals. However, current network asset ratings and the poor thermal efficiency of older buildings pose significant challenges. This study evaluates the impact of heat pump and electric vehicle (EV) penetration on a UK residential distribution network, considering the highest coincident electricity demand and worst weather conditions recorded over the past decade. The power flow calculation, based on Python, is performed using the pandapower library, leveraging the actual distribution network structure of the Hillingdon area by incorporating recent smart meter data from a distribution system operator alongside historical weather data from the past decade. Based on the outcome of power flow calculation, the transformer loadings and voltage levels were assessed for existing and projected heat pump and EV adoption rates, in line with national policy targets. Findings highlight that varied consumer density and diverse usage patterns significantly influence upgrade requirements.

Keywords: heat pumps; electric vehicles; distribution network; demand flexibility; direct load control; hosting capacity; power network asset (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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