Position Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Improved Model Reference Adaptive Systems

Meng Wang, Jian Liu (), Lijun Jiang, Kun Tan and Yiyong Wang
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Meng Wang: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Jian Liu: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Lijun Jiang: Shandong Shanbo Electric Machine Group Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China
Kun Tan: Shandong Institute of Information Technology Industry Development, Jinan 250000, China
Yiyong Wang: Shandong Shanbo Electric Machine Group Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-13

Abstract: To address the issues of poor stability and susceptibility to external disturbances in traditional model reference adaptive systems (MRASs) for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), this paper proposes a sliding mode control strategy based on an improved model reference adaptive observer. First, the dynamic equations of the PMSM are used as the reference model, while the stator current equations incorporating speed variables are constructed as the adjustable model. Subsequently, a novel adaptive law is designed using Popov’s hyperstability theory to enhance the estimation accuracy of rotor position. A fractional-order system was introduced to construct both a fractional-order sliding surface and reaching law. Subsequently, a comparative study was conducted between the conventional integral terminal sliding surface and the proposed novel sliding mode reaching law. The results demonstrate that the new reaching law can adaptively adjust the switching gain based on system state variables. Under sudden load increases, the improved system achieves a 25% reduction in settling time compared to conventional sliding mode control (SMC), along with a 44% decrease in maximum speed fluctuation and a 42% reduction in maximum torque ripple, significantly enhancing dynamic response performance. Furthermore, a variable-gain terminal sliding mode controller is derived, and the stability of the closed-loop control system is rigorously proven using Lyapunov theory. Finally, simulations verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control strategy in improving system robustness and disturbance rejection capability.

Keywords: permanent magnet synchronous motor; vector control; model reference adaptive; sliding mode control; sensorless control (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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