Multi-Objective Sensitivity Analysis of Hydraulic–Mechanical–Electrical Parameters for Hydropower System Transient Response

Yongjia Li, Yixuan Guo, Ming Li, Liuwei Lei, Huaming Hu, Diyi Chen (), Ziwen Zhao () and Beibei Xu ()
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Yongjia Li: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Yixuan Guo: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Ming Li: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Liuwei Lei: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Huaming Hu: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Diyi Chen: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Ziwen Zhao: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Beibei Xu: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-20

Abstract: Hydropower’s ability to start up and shut down quickly, combined with its flexible regulation characteristics, effectively alleviates frequency fluctuations caused by new energy sources, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system. However, during peak-frequency regulation tasks, the transition processes associated with the startup, shutdown, and load changes introduce frequent shocks to subsystems such as the hydro-turbine, governor, and diversion systems. These shocks pose significant challenges to the safe and stable operation of hydropower plants. Therefore, this study constructs a coupled hydraulic–mechanical–electrical model that incorporates the diversion system, hydro-turbine, governor, generator, and load, based on operational data from a real-world hydropower plant in China. The load increase transition process is selected for parameter sensitivity analysis to evaluate the influence of various structural, operational, and control parameters on unit stability and to identify key parameters affecting stability. The results indicate that the initial load exhibits the highest sensitivity to inversion power peak and rotational speed overshoot, with sensitivity values of 0.14 and 0.0038, respectively. The characteristic water head shows the greatest sensitivity to the inversion power peak time and rotational speed peak time, with values of 0.31 and 0.43, respectively. Additionally, the integration gain significantly influences the rotational speed rise time, with a sensitivity value of 0.30. These findings provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the parameter selection in hydropower plants.

Keywords: hydropower units; transition process; sensitivity; stability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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