Smart Technologies Applied in Microgrids of Renewable Energy Sources: A Systematic Review

Toni Alex Reis Borges, Filipe Cardoso Brito, Rafael Guimarães Oliveira dos Santos, Paulo de Tarso Nascimento, Celso Barreto da Silva, Roberta Mota Panizio, Hugo Saba and Aloísio Santos Nascimento Filho ()
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Toni Alex Reis Borges: Departamento de Computação, Instituto Federal da Bahia, Feira de Santana 44096-486, Brazil
Filipe Cardoso Brito: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada e Inovação—NPAI, Salvador 41741-020, Brazil
Rafael Guimarães Oliveira dos Santos: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada e Inovação—NPAI, Salvador 41741-020, Brazil
Paulo de Tarso Nascimento: Departamento Stricto Sensu, Universidade SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil
Celso Barreto da Silva: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada e Inovação—NPAI, Salvador 41741-020, Brazil
Roberta Mota Panizio: Departamento de Tecnologias, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre—IPP, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
Hugo Saba: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada e Inovação—NPAI, Salvador 41741-020, Brazil
Aloísio Santos Nascimento Filho: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada e Inovação—NPAI, Salvador 41741-020, Brazil

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-20

Abstract: The production of electricity from renewable sources has become a global necessity due to concerns about reducing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions into Earth’s atmosphere. The use of microgrids has emerged as a potential scenario in this production process, especially with the application of smart technologies integrated into decision making. This article used the PRISMA method to identify the intelligent techniques employed in the context of microgrids from 2015 to 2023, totaling 156 articles. The results indicate progress in the use of artificial neural networks and multi-agent systems in environments of, respectively, predictability and management, and open space for discussions involving the incorporation of new techniques aimed for future implementations.

Keywords: renewable energy; smart technologies; microgrids; artificial neural network; multi-agent system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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