Research Progress and Future Prospects of Brake-by-Wire Technology for New Energy Vehicles

Zhengrong Chen, Ruochen Wang (), Renkai Ding (), Bin Liu, Wei Liu, Dong Sun and Zhongyang Guo
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Zhengrong Chen: School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
Ruochen Wang: School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
Renkai Ding: Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
Bin Liu: Changzhou Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213000, China
Wei Liu: School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
Dong Sun: School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
Zhongyang Guo: Jiangsu Chaoli Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Danyang 212321, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-30

Abstract: The energy crisis and environmental pollution have driven the rapid development of new energy vehicles (NEVs). As a core technology for integrating electrification and intelligence in NEVs, the brake-by-wire (BBW) system has become a research hotspot due to its excellent braking energy recovery efficiency and precise active safety control performance. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress in BBW technology for NEVs and provides a forward-looking perspective on its future development. First, the types and structures of the BBW system are introduced, and the development history and representative products are systematically reviewed. Next, this paper focuses on key technologies, such as the design and modeling methods of the BBW system, braking force optimization and distribution strategies, precise actuator control, multi-system coordination, driver operation perception, intelligent decision-making, personalized control, and fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control. Finally, the main challenges faced in the research of BBW technology for NEVs are analyzed, and future development directions are proposed, providing insights for the optimization designs and industrial application of the BBW system in the future.

Keywords: new energy vehicles; brake-by-wire system; regenerative braking; multi-system coordination; personalized control (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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