Voltage Regulation Strategies in Photovoltaic-Energy Storage System Distribution Network: A Review

Qianwen Dong, Xingyuan Song, Chunyang Gong (), Chenchen Hu, Junfeng Rui, Tingting Wang, Ziyang Xia and Zhixin Wang ()
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Qianwen Dong: College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
Xingyuan Song: School of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Chunyang Gong: College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
Chenchen Hu: College of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
Junfeng Rui: Lithos New Energy Group Company Limited, Shanghai 201615, China
Tingting Wang: Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research, Shanghai 201114, China
Ziyang Xia: Nantong Legend Energy Co., Ltd., Nantong 226000, China
Zhixin Wang: College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-25

Abstract: With the increasing penetration of distributed photovoltaic-energy storage system (PV-ESS) access distribution networks, the safe and stable operation of the system has brought a huge impact, in which the voltage regulation of PV-ESS distribution networks is more prominent. This paper comprehensively reviews the voltage over-run mechanism in the PV-ESS distribution network and combs through the current mainstream voltage regulation strategies, of which two strategies of direct voltage regulation and current optimization are summarized. At the same time, this paper discusses the advantages and limitations of centralized, distributed, multi-timescale, voltage-reactive joint optimization and other regulation methods and focuses on the analysis of heuristic algorithms and algorithms based on deep reinforcement learning in the voltage regulation of the relevant research progress. Finally, this paper points out the main challenges currently facing voltage regulation in PV-ESS distribution networks, including cluster dynamic partitioning technologies, multi-timescale control of hybrid voltage regulation devices, and synergistic problems of demand-side resources, such as electric vehicle participation in voltage regulation, etc., and gives an outlook on future research directions. The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for voltage regulation of PV-ESS distribution networks and to promote the intelligent construction and sustainable development of power grids.

Keywords: PV-ESS distribution network; voltage regulation strategies; cluster distributed control; artificial intelligence algorithms; multiple timescales (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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