Torsional Vibration Characterization of Hybrid Power Systems via Disturbance Observer and Partitioned Learning

Tao Zheng, Hui Xie () and Boqiang Liang
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Tao Zheng: School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Hui Xie: School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Boqiang Liang: School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-27

Abstract: The series–parallel hybrid powertrain combines the advantages of both series and parallel configurations, offering optimal power performance and fuel efficiency. However, the presence of multiple excitation sources significantly complicates the torsional vibration behavior during engine startup. To accurately identify and analyze the torsional vibration characteristics induced by shaft resonance in this process, a torsional vibration feature identification algorithm based on disturbance observation and parameter partition learning is proposed. A simplified model of the drivetrain shaft system is first established, and an extended state Kalman filter (ESKF) is designed to accurately estimate the torque of the torsional damper. The inclusion of extended disturbance states enhances the model’s robustness against system uncertainties. Subsequently, continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is employed to identify the resonance characteristics in the torsional vibration process from the torque signal. Combined with the parameter partition learning strategy, resonance frequencies are utilized to infer key system parameters. The results demonstrate that, under a 20% perturbation of structural parameters, the observer model with fixed parameters yields a root mean square error (RMSE) of 10.16 N·m for the torsional damper torque. In contrast, incorporating the parameter self-learning algorithm reduces the RMSE to 2.36 N·m, representing an 85.2% improvement in estimation accuracy. Using the Morlet wavelet with a frequency resolution parameter (VPO) of 15 at a 50 Hz sampling rate, the identified resonance frequency was 14.698 Hz, showing a 1.1% deviation from the actual natural frequency of 14.53 Hz.

Keywords: hybrid electric vehicle; torsional vibration; disturbance observer; transient frequency-domain characteristics; learning algorithm (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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