Generalized Predictive Control of Doubly Fed Variable-Speed Pumped Storage Unit

Xiangyang Yu (), Qianxi Zhao, Chunyang Gao (), Lei Zhang, Yating Wu and Haipeng Nan
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Xiangyang Yu: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
Qianxi Zhao: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
Chunyang Gao: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
Lei Zhang: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
Yating Wu: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
Haipeng Nan: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-25

Abstract: With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, doubly-fed variable speed pumped storage units (DFVSPSUs) are playing an increasingly critical role in grid frequency regulation. However, traditional PI control struggles to address the control challenges posed by the strong nonlinearity of the units and abrupt operational condition changes. This paper proposes an improved β-incremental generalized predictive controller (β-GPC), which achieves precise rotor-side current control through instantaneous linearization combined with parameter identification featuring a forgetting factor. Simulation results demonstrate that under different power command step changes, the traditional PI controller requires up to approximately 0.48 s to reach a steady state while exhibiting a certain degree of oscillations. In contrast, the enhanced β-GPC controller can stabilize the unit in just 0.2 s without any overshoot or subsequent oscillations. It is evident that the proposed controller delivers a superior regulation performance, characterized by a shorter settling time, reduced overshoot, and minimized oscillations.

Keywords: variable-speed pumped storage; doubly fed induction generator (DFIG); generalized predictive control (GPC); parameter identification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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