A Cost-Effective and Reliable Junction-Box–Integrated Rapid Shutdown System for BIPV Applications

Joon-Young Jeon, Minkook Kim, Myungwoo Son, Ju-Hee Kim, Young-Dal Lee () and Yong-Hyun Kim ()
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Joon-Young Jeon: Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, 9, Cheomdanventure-ro 108beon-gil, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61007, Republic of Korea
Minkook Kim: Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, 9, Cheomdanventure-ro 108beon-gil, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61007, Republic of Korea
Myungwoo Son: Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, 9, Cheomdanventure-ro 108beon-gil, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61007, Republic of Korea
Ju-Hee Kim: Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, 9, Cheomdanventure-ro 108beon-gil, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61007, Republic of Korea
Young-Dal Lee: Department of Future Mobility, College of AI, Chonnam National University 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
Yong-Hyun Kim: Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, 9, Cheomdanventure-ro 108beon-gil, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61007, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-14

Abstract: In response to fire safety risks associated with photovoltaic (PV) systems and evolving rapid shutdown requirements, this paper proposes a cost-effective and reliable rapid shutdown solution integrated directly into the PV module junction box. The system employs analog circuitry triggered by an external pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal, with optocoupler isolation and a controlled short-circuit method to rapidly reduce the module output voltage. Simulation and experimental results confirm that the output voltage is reduced to approximately 2 V within 280 ms, satisfying the U.S. National Electrical Code (NEC) 690.12 requirements. This junction-box–integrated approach eliminates the complexity of conventional module-level power electronics (MLPE) systems and offers a highly practical alternative for building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) applications where partial shading is minimal.

Keywords: photovoltaic; BIPV; rapid shutdown; junction box; NEC 690.12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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