Techno-Socio-Economic Framework for Energy Storage System Selection in Jordan

Khaled Alawasa, Adib Allahham (), Ala’aldeen Al-Halhouli, Mohammed Al-Mahmodi, Musab Hamdan, Yara Khawaja, Hani Muhsen, Saqer Alja’afreh, Abdullah Al-Odienat, Ali Al-Dmour, Ahmad Aljaafreh, Ahmad Al-Abadleh, Murad Alomari, Abdallah Alnahas, Omar Alkasasbeh and Omar Alrosan
Additional contact information
Khaled Alawasa: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mutah University, Mutah, AlKarak 61710, Jordan
Adib Allahham: Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
Ala’aldeen Al-Halhouli: Mechatronics Engineering Department, German Jordanian University, Madaba Street, Amman 11180, Jordan
Mohammed Al-Mahmodi: Mechatronics Engineering Department, German Jordanian University, Madaba Street, Amman 11180, Jordan
Musab Hamdan: Mechatronics Engineering Department, German Jordanian University, Madaba Street, Amman 11180, Jordan
Yara Khawaja: Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan
Hani Muhsen: Mechatronics Engineering Department, German Jordanian University, Madaba Street, Amman 11180, Jordan
Saqer Alja’afreh: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mutah University, Mutah, AlKarak 61710, Jordan
Abdullah Al-Odienat: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mutah University, Mutah, AlKarak 61710, Jordan
Ali Al-Dmour: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mutah University, Mutah, AlKarak 61710, Jordan
Ahmad Aljaafreh: Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Tafila Technical University, Tafila 66110, Jordan
Ahmad Al-Abadleh: Department of Computer Science, Applied College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
Murad Alomari: National Electric Power Company (NEPCO), Amman 11118, Jordan
Abdallah Alnahas: National Electric Power Company (NEPCO), Amman 11118, Jordan
Omar Alkasasbeh: Samra Electric Power Company (SEPCO), Amman 11821, Jordan
Omar Alrosan: Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR), Amman 11814, Jordan

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 12, 1-26

Abstract: Renewable energy sources (RESs) are increasingly being recognized as sustainable and accessible alternatives for the energy future. However, their intermittent nature poses significant challenges to system reliability and stability, necessitating the integration of energy storage systems (ESSs) to ensure sustainability and dependability. This study examines various ESS alternatives, evaluating their suitability for different applications using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach. The methodology accommodates diverse criteria types, including qualitative and quantitative factors, represented as linguistic terms, interval values, and crisp numerical data. A techno-socio-economic framework for ESS selection is proposed and applied to Jordan’s unique energy landscape. This framework integrates technical performance, economic feasibility, and social considerations to identify suitable ESS solutions aligned with the country’s renewable energy goals. The study ranks twelve energy storage systems (ESSs) based on key performance criteria. Pumped hydro storage (PHS), thermal energy storage (TES), supercapacitors (SCs), and lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion BESS) lead the ranking. These systems showed the best performance in terms of scalability, efficiency, and integration with grid-scale applications in Jordan. Key applications analyzed include renewable energy integration, grid stability, load shifting, peak load regulation, frequency regulation, and seasonal energy storage. Results indicate that Li-ion batteries are most suitable for renewable energy integration, while flywheels excel in grid stability and frequency regulation. PHS was found to be the preferred solution for load shifting, peak load regulation, and seasonal storage, with hydrogen storage emerging as a promising option for long-duration needs. These findings provide critical insights to guide policy and infrastructure planning, offering a robust model for comprehensive ESS assessment in energy transition planning for countries facing similar challenges.

Keywords: energy storage systems (ESSs); ESS characteristics and applications; renewable energy; Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM); Jordanian national grid (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
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