A Review of Green Agriculture and Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Tractors

Yifei Yang, Yifang Wen (), Xiaodong Sun (), Renzhong Wang and Ziyin Dong
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Yifei Yang: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Suzhou Vocational University, Suzhou 215104, China
Yifang Wen: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Suzhou Vocational University, Suzhou 215104, China
Xiaodong Sun: Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Renzhong Wang: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Suzhou Vocational University, Suzhou 215104, China
Ziyin Dong: Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-23

Abstract: Hybrid tractors, as an efficient and environmentally friendly power system, are gradually becoming an important technical choice in the agricultural field. Compared to conventional powertrain systems, hybrid electric powertrains can achieve a 15–40% reduction in fuel consumption. By optimizing the engine operating range and incorporating electric-only driving modes, these systems further contribute to a 20–35% decline in CO 2 emissions, along with a significant mitigation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. In this paper, the energy management technology of hybrid tractors is reviewed, with emphasis on the energy scheduling between the internal combustion engine and electric motor, the optimization control algorithm, and its practical performance in agricultural applications. Firstly, the basic configuration and working principle of hybrid tractors are introduced, and the cooperative working mode of the internal combustion engine and electric motor is expounded. Secondly, the research progress of energy management strategies is discussed. Then, the application status and challenges of hybrid power systems in agricultural machinery are discussed, and the development trend of hybrid tractors in the fields of intelligence, low carbonization, and high efficiency in the future is prospected. This paper extracts many experiences and methods from the references over the years and provides a comprehensive evaluation.

Keywords: hybrid tractors; energy management strategies; green agriculture; agricultural intelligence (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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