Electroacoustic Comparison and Optimization of Low-Power Impulse Sound-Source Needle Series Electrodes

Xiao Du, Jing Zhou () and Xu Gao
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Xiao Du: College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
Jing Zhou: College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
Xu Gao: College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-20

Abstract: The high-power drive of an impulse sound source with drilling makes the system’s life short and difficult to integrate. This report firstly establishes the pulse discharge experimental system and finite element model, and compares and verifies the typical parameters. Second, the study examines how the energy storage capacitor’s charging voltage, discharge electrode gap, and liquid environment conductivity influence the electroacoustic performance of needle series electrodes. Subsequently, the optimal electrode configuration is identified under power constraints, yielding electroacoustic parameters and curves suitable for low-power impulsive sound sources. The findings reveal that the needle–plate electrode outperforms others in pre-breakdown duration, peak impulse wave strength, highest sound pressure level, and electroacoustic conversion efficiency. However, its higher power demand can be mitigated by lowering the charging voltage and narrowing the electrode gap. The charging voltage of the power-limited needle–plate electrode is only 3.5 kV, the impulse wave intensity reaches 1.27 MPa, and the peak system power is effectively controlled within 6.66 kW. A stable 288 dB SPL output is maintained up to 1 kHz, and above 250 dB in the wide bandwidth of 1–100 kHz. Needle–plate electrodes provide broadband excitation and high intensity SPL output despite power limitations.

Keywords: low-power impulse sound source; needle series electrodes; impulse wave intensity; electroacoustic conversion efficiency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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