Impact Mechanism Analysis of DFIG with Inertia Control on the Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation of the Power System

Wei Fan, Yang Yi, Donghai Zhu, Bilin Zhang, Bo Bao and Yibo Zhang ()
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Wei Fan: Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center of Guangdong Power Grid, Co, Ltd., Guangzhou 510600, China
Yang Yi: Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center of Guangdong Power Grid, Co, Ltd., Guangzhou 510600, China
Donghai Zhu: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China
Bilin Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Bo Bao: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Yibo Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-22

Abstract: Amid the global transition toward sustainable energy, regional power grids with high wind power penetration are increasingly emerging. The implementation of frequency control is critically essential for enhancing the frequency support capability of grid-connected devices. However, existing studies indicate this may induce ULFOs (ultra-low frequency oscillations). Current research on ULFOs have been predominantly concentrated on hydro-dominated power systems, with limited exploration into systems where thermal power serves as synchronous sources—let alone elucidation of the underlying mechanisms. This study focuses on regional power grids where wind and thermal power generation coexist. Eigenvalue analysis reveals that frequency regulation control of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) can trigger ULFOs. Leveraging common-mode oscillation theory, an extended system frequency response (ESFR) model incorporating DFIG frequency control is formulated and rigorously validated across a range of operational scenarios. Moreover, frequency-domain analysis uncovers the mechanism by which inertia control affects ULFO behavior, and time-domain simulations are conducted to validate the influence of DFIG control parameters on ULFOs.

Keywords: doubly-fed induction generators; ultra-low frequency oscillation; frequency regulation control; inertia control; frequency domain analysis method; extended system frequency response model; motion equation model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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