Cars and Greenhouse Gas Goals: A Big Stone in Europe’s Shoes

Roberto Ivo da Rocha Lima Filho (), Thereza Cristina Nogueira de Aquino, Anderson Costa Reis and Bernardo Motta
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Roberto Ivo da Rocha Lima Filho: Department of Industrial Engineering, COPPE—Production Engineering Programme, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
Thereza Cristina Nogueira de Aquino: Department of Industrial Engineering, COPPE—Production Engineering Programme, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
Anderson Costa Reis: Department of Transportation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
Bernardo Motta: School of Social and Political Sciences (ISCSP), University of Lisbon, 1300-663 Lisbon, Portugal

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-22

Abstract: If new technologies can increase production efficiency and reduce the consumption of natural resources, they can also bring new environmental risks. This dynamic is particularly relevant for the automotive industry, since it is one of the sectors that invests most in R&D, but at the same time also contributes a significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions and consumes a large amount of energy. This article aims to analyze the feasibility of meeting the environmental targets in place within 32 European countries in light of the recent technological trajectory of the automotive industry, namely with regard to the adoption of the propulsion model’s alternative to oil and diesel. Using data disaggregated by countries from 2000 up until 2020, in this paper, the estimated regressions aimed to not only verify whether electrical vehicles had a positive impact on CO 2 emissions found in the European market, but to also assess whether they will meet the target set for the next 30 years, with attention to the economy recovery after 2025 and a more robust EV market penetration in replacement of traditional fossil fuels cars.

Keywords: sustainable mobility; decarbonization; electric vehicles; general linear models; cross-section with time series; fixed effects (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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