Synchronverter Control Strategy: A Review of Different Improvements and Applications

Michell J. Quintero-Durán, John E. Candelo-Becerra, Mario Eduardo González-Niño, Saúl Andrés Hernández-Moreno and Rodolpho Fernando Váz ()
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Michell J. Quintero-Durán: Grupo de Investigación en Energía y Nuevas Tecnologías—GENTE, Escuela de Ingeniería Electromecánica, Facultad Duitama, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia—UPTC, Carrera 18 con Calle 22, Duitama 150462, Colombia
John E. Candelo-Becerra: Facultad de Minas, Departamento de Energía Eléctrica y Automática, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Carrera 80 No. 65-223, Robledo, Medellín 050034, Colombia
Mario Eduardo González-Niño: Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo en Sistemas Electromecánicos—GridsE, Escuela de Ingeniería Electromecánica, Facultad Duitama, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia—UPTC, Carrera 18 con Calle 22, Duitama 150462, Colombia
Saúl Andrés Hernández-Moreno: Grupo de Investigación en Energía y Nuevas Tecnologías—GENTE, Escuela de Ingeniería Electromecánica, Facultad Duitama, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia—UPTC, Carrera 18 con Calle 22, Duitama 150462, Colombia
Rodolpho Fernando Váz: Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Room 130 Heavy Engineering Bldg, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-39

Abstract: In power grids that integrate renewable energy sources, the virtual synchronous machine (VSM) or synchronverter offers a viable solution to the challenge posed by reduced inertia. This technology employs inverters to transfer power to the electrical network that relies on a control algorithm emulating the dynamic behavior of synchronous machines. Over the past decade, it has been applied in various contexts, leveraging its control structure based on the fundamental equations of synchronous machines. Although several review articles have been published on control strategies for grid-forming inverters, they often lack a specific focus on recent developments related to the synchronverter. Therefore, this paper aims to fill that gap by presenting a detailed review on high-quality research databases to retrieve recent documents published in recent years. These documents were classified according to journals, conferences, and books. A keyword bibliographic analysis was performed to identify the attractive topics related to the synchronverter control strategy. The paper reviews recent improvements in and applications of the synchronverter, identifying emerging trends and new potential use cases to provide a workflow guide for readers and researchers, as the documents are presented in comprehensive tables, streamlining the process of locating specific references. In addition, some advantages and disadvantages of synchronverters are reported.

Keywords: distributed energy resources; grid-forming inverter; grid integration; synchronverter; virtual synchronous machine; virtual synchronous generator (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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